Kriterien der Nutzenbewertung der Integrativen Medizin am Beispiel der Anthroposophischen Medizin

Florian Strasser
Der Merkurstab 2023;76(3):177-186.
Artikel-ID: DMS-21636-DE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14271/DMS-21636-DE

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Abstract DE
Literatur

Englisch
Abstract EN
References

Zur Beurteilung des Nutzens einer medizinischen Intervention, wie z. B. Behandlungen der Anthroposophischen Medizin, werden Kriterien der ausreichenden Wirksamkeit, der Zweckmäßigkeit und der Wirtschaftlichkeit angewandt. Dieser Artikel diskutiert diese Begrifflichkeiten und kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Wissenschaftlichkeit – als Grundlage einer integren Wirksamkeitsbeurteilung und wichtige Basis alles medizinischen Schaffens – methodisch fachspezifisch festgelegt werden muss und nicht von anderen Fachgebieten extrapoliert und übertragen werden kann. Dies stellt spezifische methodische Herausforderungen an das Fachgebiet, in kritikfähiger Transparenz und wissenschaftlicher Stringenz die medizinischen Behandlungsansätze kontinuierlich zu entwickeln.

Die Kriterien der Zweckmäßigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit basieren auf gesellschaftlichen Werten und Normen, die implizit (und instrumentalisierend), gelegentlich explizit angewandt werden. Das Fachgebiet ist gefordert, angewandte Normen (z. B. kurzfristiges Wirtschaftlichkeitsdenken oder Wachstumsparadigma, die Bewertung von Ergebniskriterien einer Behandlung) in innovativer und integrierender Weise werte- und menschenbildbasiert zu formulieren. Wirksamkeit, Zweckmäßigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit der Anthroposophischen Medizin werden im Artikel exemplarisch zusammengefasst.

Criteria for the benefit assessment of integrative medicine using the example of anthroposophic medicine

In order to assess the benefit of a medical intervention, such as treatments of anthroposophic medicine, criteria of sufficient efficacy, appropriateness and costeffectiveness are applied. This article discusses these conceptualisations and concludes that scientificity – as the basis of an assessment of efficacy with integrity and an important foundation of all medical work – must be methodologically defined in a subject-specific way and cannot be extrapolated and transferred from other disciplines. This poses specific methodological challenges to the field to continuously develop medical treatment approaches in a critically transparent and scientifically rigorous manner.

The criteria of appropriateness and cost-effectiveness are based on social values and norms that are implicitly (and instrumentally), occasionally explicitly, applied. The field is challenged to formulate applied norms (e. g. short-term economic efficiency thinking or growth paradigm, the evaluation of outcome criteria of a treatment) in an innovative and integrating way based on values and concepts of the human being. Effectiveness, appropriateness and economic efficiency of anthroposophic medicine are summarised in the article as examples.

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